Overcoming the Disparity in Construction – Design Drawings vs. Shop Drawings
Introduction
In the world of construction, understanding the distinction between shop drawings and design drawings is crucial for project success. While design drawings lay the foundation for architectural vision, shop drawings translate these plans into detailed manufacturing and assembly instructions. This blog delves into the unique characteristics of each type, their roles in construction, and the process of converting design drawings into shop drawings. Let’s explore these differences to enhance clarity and efficiency in your construction projects.
What are Design Drawings?
Design drawings represent the initial stage of the construction design process. Often referred to as concept or construction drawings, they illustrate the overall vision, including aesthetic concepts and architectural elements. These drawings help visualize the project and include details on function, materials, and compliance with local codes. They serve as a foundation for further detailed drawings and help contractors estimate costs and resources.
Some Characteristics of Design Drawings
- Conceptual Provides overall layout of the building like floor plans, elevations, and site plans.
- Regulatory Compliance Ensure that the project complies with local codes and regulations.
- Foundation for Other Drawings Serves as a foundation for Shop Drawings, As-built drawings, and other construction projects.
When creating shop drawings from design drawings, or giving them to the contractor, make sure you include all the necessary details for fabrication, installation, notes on construction documents, floor and site plans, interior and exterior 3D renderings, design layout, framing, utility, and MEPF information, lighting plans, and other details.
After getting the design drawings, we can use these as the base for varied construction drawings like shop drawings.
What are Shop Drawings?
Shop Drawings are detailed plans used in the manufacturing, fabrication, assembling, and installation of construction components. These drawings, created by contractors, fabricators, and engineers, provide precise technical information, including dimensions, materials, and assembly instructions. They are critical for translating design concepts into physical structures with accuracy.
Some Characteristics of Shop Drawings
- Manufacturing Instructions Gives information about the materials used, the assembling process, detailed component-making instructions, and more.
- Adherence Adheres to laws, rules, and safety standards in the design and design process.
- Industry-Specific Tailored for its specific purpose, like heating or plumbing.
- Cooperation Facilitates teamwork among the builder, the workers, and the people making parts.
After getting the base as a design drawing, there are certain things to be included in the shop drawings. Explanations and information on assembly, installation, erection, fabrication codes and standards, level & material tags, MEP openings, the initial submission date of drawings, revision dates with descriptions, section views, and other important information. Also, include the project name, number, general notes, abbreviations, subcontractor name, and legends in the title block of the drawings.
Turning Design Drawings into Shop Drawings
Design drawings can be used as a base for creating the detailed shop drawings. Shop Drawings are created using simple steps –
1. Examination and Reviewing Examine and review the design drawings received to ensure the concept of the structure.
2. Collecting Information Collect the required information for the detailed structure including the material to be used, size, width, length, and other minor details.
3. Detailing Make detailed views of the drawing from different angles.
4. Noting the Requirements Pen down all the materials used and their specifications in the drawing.
5. Assembling and Installation Include steps to assemble and install small components of the structure.
6. Compliance Make sure that all the rules and regulations are met.
7. Revising the design Review and revise the design carefully to match the client’s requirements.
8. Approval and Finalization Get the revised drawings approved by the architects and engineers and then finalize the shop drawings for the client.
These simple steps can get you the required Shop drawings from basic design drawings. There are still differences between the two that one needs to know. Let us discuss some of them.
Key Differences between Shop Drawings and Design Drawings
These two designs may be distinguished based on several variables. Let’s examine these variations using the accompanying table as a guide.
| Sr. No | Factors | Design Drawings | Shop Drawings |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Responsibility | Engineers, Contractors, Suppliers, or Architects prepare these drawings. | Modellers, Fabricators, Manufacturers, or Contractors make these drawings. |
| 2 | Information Included | Interior & Exterior Elevations, Site Plans, Floor Plans, Design Layouts, and more. | Fabrication Codes & Standards, installation of structural units, erection information, and more. |
| 3 | Purpose | The main purpose is to provide a definite vision for the project. Also, shows the overall design and construction of the building. | The main goal is to provide complete framing and specs for the project. Also, it shows how particular construction project components are made & installed. |
| 4 | Representation | Depicts well-known architectural elements | Depicts a detailed version to create a structure. |
| 5 | Accuracy of the drawings | These are produced before the hiring of contractors and may have mistakes and “Verify-in-Field” markings for checking specifics. Along with a general overview, they include site drawings, floor plans, elevations, sections, and details summarizing the overall project aim. | They include accurate measurements, dates, and assembly instructions from a qualified engineer. They provide comprehensive details on measurements, component assembly, and installation, materials, and finishes. |
| 6 | When are they created? | In the Pre-construction phase, in the early stage of design development. | During the construction phase, while providing details to the fabricator. |
| 7 | Specificity | Not much detailed, provides a conceptual overall design. | Very detailed and specific with measurements and details. |
| 8 | Changes and Deviations | Highlighted when variations occur between the final construction and the design plans. | To ensure precise manufacturing, shop drawings closely correspond with the design drawings. |
| 9 | Legal Documentation | Used for approvals, agreements, and permits | Used as legal papers very rarely. |
Importance of Design Drawings & Shop Drawings
Both design drawings and shop drawings are vital for successful construction projects. Design drawings provide the conceptual blueprint and ensure compliance with regulations. Shop drawings, on the other hand, offer precise manufacturing and assembly instructions, ensuring accuracy and quality. Together, they facilitate smooth project execution, from planning to construction, ensuring safety, quality, and adherence to standards.
Conclusion
For construction projects to move forward smoothly, it is essential to comprehend the differences between shop drawings and design drawings. Design drawings provide the groundwork by giving a conceptual blueprint, guaranteeing adherence to rules, and presenting a project vision. Conversely, shop drawings go in-depth, giving exact instructions for the fabrication and installation procedures. Construction experts may guarantee precision, conformity to guidelines, and efficient collaboration between different crafts by converting design drawings into shop drawings. Quality and safety in the constructed environment are ensured by this meticulous approach, which eventually results in the effective fulfillment of the architectural concept.
